Useful phrases for text analysis and literary appreciation

the writer/ orator/ poet/ novelist/ ... :
- is aiming at
- wants to achieve the purpose of
- wants to produce the effect that
- is aiming at
- wants to contrast sth with sth else
- arouses the reader's emotions (feelings/ interest)
- evokes the attitude of
- focuses the reader' s intention on
- expects the reader to
- wants to produce the effect that
- appeals to the reader's senses/ feelings/ emotions/ reason (Vernunft)
a word/ a phrase/ ….
- is a clue to the message of the poem
- is a clue to the poet's intention
- is a means to gain strength and freshness of expression
- is a device to underline ( emphasize/ stress) sth
the idea/ topic/ subject is
- presented
- introduced
- expressed
- developed
- restated
- illustrated
- summed up
- summarized
the title
- suggests/ indicates
the poem/ story/ extract
- achieves coherence by
- establishes unity by
- brings about the effect
- is divided into
the rhythm
- adds to the musical quality of the poem
- makes the lines run more quickly/ slowly
- affects the poem as a whole
- is based on